The carpet making process begins with weaving multiple fibers (usually made of polypropylene) into a primary backing. Without this backing, the carpet would fall apart in the next process (turfing), which makes it an essential first step. Turfing involves a 12-foot wide tufting machine using its 800 to 2000 needles to pull yarn through the primary backing. A series of small hooks on the other side of the backing grab the yarn and holds in place, which create a uniform surface. If someone wants to create patterning textures, than an extra step is added in this process where sections of the carpet are cut lower than others.
There are 4 main ways in which carpets receive their color.
In the final steps of making a carpet, a thicker secondary backing (made of woven polypropylene) is glued to the back of the carpet and is pressed on by a large heating press. The carpet is then seared to remove any loose ends/projecting fibers and rolled out for inspection. After those processes are done, the carpet is ready to be sold.